The human immune system is a complex and highly sophisticated network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against harmful invaders such as bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens. Its intricate design allows it to recognize and neutralize a wide variety of threats while also distinguishing between self and non-self to prevent attacks on the body’s own cells. In this newsletter, I will give an overview of the anatomy and functions of this remarkable system. First, let’s cover the anatomy that comprises your immune system.

Bone Marrow:
The immune system’s journey begins in the bone marrow, where stem cells give rise to various blood cells, including white blood cells (WBCs). WBCs are the foot soldiers of the immune system and come in various types, each with a specific role in the defense against pathogens.

Thymus:
The thymus, located in the chest behind the breastbone, plays a crucial role in the development of T lymphocytes (T cells). T cells are essential for orchestrating immune responses and directly attacking infected cells.

Lymph Nodes:
Scattered throughout the body, lymph nodes act as hubs where immune cells congregate. They filter lymphatic fluid, trapping and destroying pathogens, as well as serving as communication centers for immune cells.

Spleen:
The spleen acts as a blood filter, removing old or damaged blood cells and detecting and responding to infections. It contains white pulp, rich in immune cells, which actively combats pathogens.

Tonsils and Adenoids:
Tonsils and adenoids are clusters of lymphoid tissue located in the throat. They act as a first line of defense against inhaled or ingested pathogens, trapping them before they can invade the body.

Skin and Mucous Membranes:
The skin and mucous membranes serve as physical barriers, preventing pathogens from entering the body. Additionally, they contain immune cells and produce antimicrobial substances to thwart potential invaders.
Your immune system responds to threats in a variety of ways depending on the type of invader.

Humoral Immunity:
Humoral immunity, mediated by antibodies, primarily targets pathogens circulating in bodily fluids. B cells produce antibodies that can neutralize or tag pathogens for destruction by other immune cells.

Cellular Immunity:
Cellular immunity involves T cells and targets infected or abnormal cells directly. Cytotoxic T cells recognize and destroy cells harboring pathogens, contributing to the elimination of infections.

Inflammation:
Inflammation is a crucial part of the immune response, bringing immune cells to the site of infection. While acute inflammation is protective, chronic inflammation can contribute to various diseases.

Now that we have a general overview of the immune system, the question I have for you is this: What system controls the immune system? That’s right, it’s the NERVOUS SYSTEM.

In order for your immune system to protect you from sickness and diseases, the nerves that connect it to your brain must be free of interference. Here is a look at the connection between the brain and the immune system.

Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Adrenal (HPA) Axis:
The HPA axis, a complex interaction between the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and adrenal glands, plays a role in the body’s response to stress. Stress hormones, such as cortisol, impact immune function.

Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor (BDNF):
BDNF is a neurotrophin that supports the growth and survival of neurons. It has been implicated in influencing immune responses, and its levels can be affected by various factors, including stress and exercise.

Vagus Nerve and Acetylcholine:
The vagus nerve, part of the parasympathetic nervous system, releases acetylcholine. This neurotransmitter has anti-inflammatory effects and modulates immune responses.

Subluxation interferes with the connection between the brain and the immune system which leads to dysfunction and disease. Your regular adjustments are the best and most effective way to keep your immune system, and the rest of your body functioning optimally.

So this season, make sure you keep your adjustments in rhythm, break the bad habits that cause subluxation, and do your homecare exercises (Spinal Hygiene) and you will maximize your health!